The hero’s journey is a well-known and widely used device in fiction writing. Also referred to as the “monomyth,” it represents a universal model that traces the common stages of personal growth and transformation experienced by the protagonist throughout their adventure. It has transcended cultures and time, appearing in countless stories, myths, and legends. For authors who aim to create a compelling narrative structure, being familiar with the hero’s journey can prove to be an invaluable tool.
What is the hero’s journey?
Originally coined by Joseph Campbell in his 1949 book The Hero with a Thousand Faces, the term “hero’s journey” describes a three-stage process (Departure, Initiation, and Return) that most protagonists undergo in their stories. Campbell based his model on a wealth of mythological narratives from different times and cultures, noticing striking similarities among them.
1. Departure: The call to adventure
The hero’s journey begins when the protagonist is called upon to leave their everyday life and embark on an adventure or mission. This call can be triggered by an internal or external factor – a dream, prophecy, request, or a sudden life-changing event. Often, the hero may first refuse the call due to fear or doubt but will eventually be persuaded to take on this challenge.
2. Initiation: Trials and transformation
In this stage, the protagonist faces numerous trials and tests that will challenge their abilities and beliefs, often resulting in personal growth. These tests can be physical, emotional, or psychological. They may face enemies, encounter allies, or receive supernatural aid along the way as they delve deeper into their journey.
During this phase, the hero also experiences an inner transformation that usually culminates in a significant event known as ‘the ordeal.’ This is usually a critical turning point where they confront their darkest fear, defeat an enemy, or make a significant personal sacrifice.
3. Return: Journey home and the master of two worlds
After the ordeal, the protagonist embarks on the return journey home – this often involves facing one final challenge that ultimately validates their newfound abilities and maturity. Upon successfully overcoming this final test, the hero typically returns to their previous world with newfound wisdom or a gift to benefit others. Their growth is now recognised as they navigate a balance between their old world and the new one they now understand (hence the “master of two worlds” concept).
How can it be useful for authors?
The hero’s journey provides a natural and tested framework for storytelling that has resonated with human beings across generations. Although the model may not specifically address all aspects of character development or plot structure, it offers authors inspiration in shaping their stories while retaining flexibility for creative freedom.
- A universal template: The hero’s journey is inherently flexible and can be applied to stories in virtually any genre or medium.
- Emotional resonance: This narrative structure emphasises personal growth, making it easier for readers to empathise with and root for the protagonist.
- Plot development: The hero’s journey aids authors in sequencing events, creating a cohesive and engaging story.
- Timeless structure: The use of this ancient narrative pattern can lend an archetypal appeal to your story, making it feel both familiar and intriguing.
While there are many variations of the hero’s journey trope in contemporary fiction, its enduring appeal is rooted in its ability to resonate deeply with readers across cultures. By understanding the foundations of this narrative structure, authors can create stories that enthral their audience while simultaneously imparting valuable life lessons through their protagonist’s transformational experiences.
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